CVEs / CVE-2025-31201
CVE-2025-31201: Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability
- Known exploited in the CISA KEV catalog since 17 Apr 2025
- critical 9.8 CVSS 3.1 (from the CNA)
- EPSS 13.9% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 96% of CVEs (30 Oct 2026)
- Last changed at its sources
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Summary
Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and other Apple products contain an arbitrary read and write vulnerability that allows an attacker to bypass Pointer Authentication.
Description
This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.
Affected and fixed versions
| Product | Affected | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| Apple iOS and iPadOS | before 18.4.1 | 18.4.1 |
| Apple macOS | before 15.4.1 | 15.4.1 |
| Apple tvOS | before 18.4.1 | 18.4.1 |
| Apple visionOS | before 2.4.1 | 2.4.1 |
Exploitation
| In CISA KEV since | 17 Apr 2025 |
|---|---|
| Due date for US federal agencies | 8 May 2025 |
| Used in ransomware campaigns | Unknown |
| Required action | Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. |
Severity
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.8 criticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HScored by the CNA (134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0) |
|---|---|
| Weakness | CWE-1220 |
References
- CVE-2025-31201 on NVD
- CVE-2025-31201 in the CISA KEV catalog
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122282 (cited by CISA)
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122400 (cited by CISA)
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122401 (cited by CISA)
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122402 (cited by CISA)
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122282 Release Notes, Vendor Advisory
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122400 Release Notes, Vendor Advisory
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122401 Release Notes, Vendor Advisory
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122402 Release Notes, Vendor Advisory
- http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/26 Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
- http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jun/14 Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
- http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/0 Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
- http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/3 Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
- http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/4 Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
- https://github.com/JGoyd/iOS-Attack-Chain-CVE-2025-31200-CVE-2025-31201/blob/main/Remote%20Crypto%20Attack%20Chain%20.md Broken Link, Exploit
- https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/issues/200 Issue Tracking
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-31201 US Government Resource
Sources
Exploitation status from the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EPSS scores from FIRST. Descriptions, severity and references from the National Vulnerability Database. Open-source package versions from OSV (CC-BY 4.0). Text is shown as each source states it; Stackurity does not edit it. Check the vendor's advisory before acting.
This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.